Language: Definitions & Functions

 

Language is not just what we speak—it’s how we think out loud. 😉

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A. Definitions of Language

1. Language is a system of symbols used to communicate meaning.
   Example: The word “home” is just five letters, yet it triggers warmth, memories, and emotion.

2. Language is a socially shared code for expressing ideas, feelings, and intentions.
   Example: Saying “Good morning” instantly signals politeness and social bonding.

3. Language is a cognitive tool that structures human thought.
   Example: If you lack words for emotions, you struggle to understand what you feel.

4. Language is a medium that connects mind to mind.
   Example: A teacher explains a concept—students’ brains light up in synchrony. 🧠✨

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B. Functions of Language (with Everyday Examples)

1️⃣ Informative Function – To convey facts

Example: “The meeting starts at 10 a.m.”
Used in teaching, news, instructions.

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2️⃣ Expressive Function – To express emotions

Example: “I’m so proud of you!”
Tone + words = emotional connection.

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3️⃣ Directive Function – To influence or guide behaviour

Example: “Please submit the report by today.”
Found in classrooms, leadership, parenting.

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4️⃣ Social / Phatic Function – To maintain relationships

Example: “How are you?” (You’re not asking for a medical report 😄)
Keeps social doors open.

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5️⃣ Cognitive Function – To support thinking and reasoning

Example: Talking to yourself while solving a problem.
Language = thinking scaffold.

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6️⃣ Imaginative / Creative Function – To create worlds

Example: Stories, poems, metaphors.
“One small step for man…” 🚀

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7️⃣ Identity Function – To express who we are

Example: Choice of words reflects education, culture, profession.
Language wears your personality like a suit.

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One Brilliant Insight (Takeaway)

We don’t just use language to communicate.
Language uses us to think, feel, relate, and act.

Master language—and you quietly master communication, cognition, and influence.