Structure of an Ideal Paragraph

 

(the “1 Paragraph = 1 Clear Idea” rule)

Think of a paragraph like a mini-essay: it has a beginning, middle, and end—just in a smaller size.

A. Topic Sentence (TS) — What is this paragraph about?

• Purpose: Introduces the main idea in one clear sentence.

• Qualities: specific, focused, not too broad.

Example (Topic Sentence):
Morning exercise improves students’ concentration in class.

B. Main Points / Controlling Ideas — What key parts will you explain?

Usually 2–4 points (depending on level). These points keep the paragraph organized.

Example (Main Points):

1. It increases blood flow to the brain.

2. It reduces stress and restlessness.

3. It builds discipline and routine.

(You don’t always write them as a numbered list in the final paragraph; the writer uses them as a plan.)

C. Supporting Details — Proof, reasons, facts, examples

• Purpose: Make the paragraph believable and clear.

• Types: example, explanation, statistic, experience, expert opinion, comparison.

Example (Supporting Detail):
For instance, after a 15-minute walk, many students feel more alert and listen better.

D. Elaborations / Explanation — So what? How does it connect?

• Purpose: Explain the supporting detail so it links back to the main idea.

Example (Elaboration):
This alertness helps them follow instructions, remember concepts, and participate actively.

E. Concluding Statement (CS) — Wrap-up + echo the main idea

• Purpose: Ends the paragraph smoothly, without introducing a new idea.

• Tip: Often “rephrase” the topic sentence in fresh words.

Example (Concluding Statement):
Therefore, a simple morning exercise routine can make learning more focused and effective.

One Complete Ideal Paragraph (Model)

Topic sentence: Morning exercise improves students’ concentration in class.
Support + explanation: When students move their bodies, blood flow increases and the brain receives more oxygen, which helps alertness. For example, even a short walk or stretching session can make students feel refreshed rather than sleepy. Exercise also reduces stress, so learners become less restless and more ready to listen.
Concluding statement: Hence, regular morning exercise is a simple habit that strengthens classroom attention.